May i, 1882.] 
THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 
983 
Patchouli ok Pucha-pat. — A herb named Pogos- 
ternon Patchouli (Nat. Ord. Labiatse.) The dried 
tops with leaves and flowers are imported in bundles 
about one foot in length. They yield, by distillation, 
an essential oil, in which form the perfume exists, and 
by digestion in weak alcohol, a tincture called essence 
of Patchouli or Patohouly. It is imported from India, 
in chests and half-chests, the former weighing 110 lb 
each. — M. M. 
Several Bags op Cloves received in London lately 
from Zanzibar were actually found on arrival to con- 
tain artilicial cloves neatly manufactured by machinery 
instead of the real spice. These cloves were made 
of soft deal, stained a dark colour, and staked in a 
solution of essence of cloves to give them the re- 
quired sent; They were traced as having been im- 
ported into Zanzibar from America. — Madras Mail. 
Manure fok Tea Estates in the Dun. — Baring, 
in his financial statement for 1882-83, gives the 
ollowiug figures as the tea exports for 1880-81 : — 
Quantity ... Lb. ... 46,413,510 
Value ... £ ... 3,054,240 
Average declared j t^f S ™ * 
, 6 < Shilliii"S at average 
value per lb., , ex f hange L 3 9 
Exports for the first ten months of the year, from 
1st April 18S1 to 31st January 1882 :— 
Quantity .. lb. ... 43,667,412 
Value .. £ ... 3,261,579 
Average value per lb. ... 0 11-11. — 
Indian Tea Gazette. 
An Agricultural Company for Travancore. — 
We (Pioneer) learn that an Agricultural and In- 
dustrial Company, with limited liability, has just been 
formed in Bombay, under influential auspices, the 
principal object of which is the cultivation on a 
large ecale of coconut, sugarcane and cinchona in 
Travanoore, where the soil is peculiarly adapted for 
the purpose. The shares are nearly all taken up, 
and it is believed that the Company will receive every 
encouragement from the enlightened Maharajah of 
Travancore, who, not long ago, wrote a pamphlet on 
the agricultural and mineral resources of Travancore, 
in which be strongly advocated the cultivation of the 
sugarcane and the manufacture of sugar by modern 
appliances. 
CHINESE Exports consists of tea, silk, sugar, and 
sundries. Tea is still the chief export, accounting 
for over 45 per c ut of the gross value In earlie r 
periods it constituted mo'e than one-half the entire 
c iinmerco ; but, during the last five years, it has been 
run close by the silk trade, which is averagely worth 
40 por cent of the whole. Sugar accounts for 3 per cent, 
and the residue is apportioned between n number of 
minor items. Of the lea sent away in 18S0 (2,204,754 
piculs) by far the greater portion (1,456.747 piculs) 
was taken by Great Britain and her ponsessions, the 
former alone taking 1,112,874 piculs. Hongkong and 
Australia were the next best customers, with 16'8,4(i7 
piouls and 143.870 piculs ; while India— to carry out 
the old adage of "carrying coals to Newcastle" — took 
13,297 piculs. Among foieign nations Russian orders 
immensely predominated, no less a quantity than 464,961 
piculs being imported into that empire, while, prac- 
tically, the wholo remainder went to the American 
States. With regard to the silk trade, the best cus- 
tomer^ axe Western Europe — France, m reality, as she 
takes nearly the whole continent nl supph — Rhgland, 
Hongkong, and tho United* States. To the world's 
other qiurters the exportation is extremely small ; 
India, however, buys about a thousand piculs per 
annum. Chinese sugar goes principally to Franot md 
England, but a fair amount rinds its way to American 
ports, Bombay, and the Straita. Other features of 
the oommeroe of these interesting people must bo left 
to another auJ titter occasion to discuss,— Q, Mail. 
To keep Machinery from Rusting : take one-half 
ounce of camphor, dissolve in one pound of melted 
lard ; take off the scum and mix in as much fine black 
lead as will give it an iron colour. Clean them achinery 
and smear with this mixture. After twenty-four hours, 
rub clean with a soft linen cloth. It will keep clean 
for months under ordinary circumstances. — Exchange. 
Eucalyptus Leaves and Insects.— We have heard 
much of late years of the virtue of the Eucalyptus 
tree ; but, according to recent reports from Australia, 
its good qualities are by no means exhausted. We 
now learn that it is held in so much awe or dislike 
by fruit-loving insects, that a few of its leaves spread 
round the trunks of the trees will protect them from 
spoliation. — Graphic. 
Tobacco. — The export of tobacco to the Malabar 
Coast in India is carried on very briskly and hurriedly, 
as the North- Hast monsoon is approaching to its close! 
The services of all sailing vessels are availed of and 
after the end of this month cargo to those ports must 
be sent in steamers till September next. The B. I. 
steamers will call here as we require their services 
from time to time. — Cor. [Surely here is an opening 
for the " Lady Longdeu."— Ed. C. P.]—" C. Patriot." 
Digging by Steam.— The principle of the Darby 
steam-digger, referred to in these columns some time 
ago, has been improved upon by different mauu- 
facturers, and a new digger made by Messrs. Proctor 
& Co. has just been subjected to a very thorough 
trial at Stevenage, Herts, with successful results. 
The machine is sufficiently light in its construction 
to go upon any land in a fit condition to work, and 
the digging appliances are quite distinct from the 
motive power, so that the engine can be used for trac- 
tion purposes when not digging. The digger, when at 
work, travels at the rate of 1,250 yards per hour, 
and as it digs 12 feet wide it can cultivate more than 
one acre in that time, allowing for turning, &c. The 
machine can be easily managed by a man aoda boy, 
and works equally well at various depths— 1 foot', 
1£ feet, &c. — Colonies and India. 
Stick Pruning — Our correspondent " F." refers 
to what he conceives to be a mistake in de- 
nuding bushes of their leaves. We entirely agree 
with him, and can Unci no -round, theoretical or 
practical, to justify the praetice. At the same time 
it may be said that few agree on the subject. Still 
it may, we think on grounds of common sense, be 
safely affirmed that to deprive a bush entirely of 
its leaves is virtually to kill the plant, and render 
it valueless for the purpose for which we desire to 
use it Pruning, which aims at cutting out dead or 
unprofitable wood, or with the object of producing 
a larger flush, is one thine, and can only result in 
good, since we do not cultivate the ten hush as a 
tree, but as a leaf-yielding plant ; but denuding the bush 
of its leaves in the hope of stimulating vitality, we hold 
to be an utter mistake — Indian Tea Gazette, March 21st. 
Causa ya BAHK.- -The Belgian Consul at Arica (Mr. 
E. Wichtondahl) states th:it the total annual produc- 
tion of bark from the ohinchona calisuya in Bolivia is 
between S,00D and 10,000 quintals. The price has, on 
account of the great destruction of the trees, grad- 
ually risen from 50 sols in 1S66 to 104 sol* per 
quintal at the present time. The continued difficulty 
of obtaining the bark has directed attention to the 
cultivation of the tr«e, which has been found so suc- 
cessful in the East Indies, and there are several such 
plautatious now existing in Bolivia which prom Be 
well. A German firm of Li Paz have bought largo 
estates near Majuri in which they intend planting 
900,000 trees, part of which will be rcad\ for barking 
in one or two years The Consul goes on to say 
that the cultivated bark gives a far better result than 
the wild form, some of tin former yieldiug as muohaa S 
per cent, of sulphate of quinine. -British Trad Journal, 
