DAKYNS: SHAP GRANITE BOULDERS. 
63 
Most of the granite boulders near Kendal are lying on 
the surface ; but there is one in a bank of drift cut 
through by the canal near Larkrigg. This shows that the 
boulders are not merely surface erratics, as has been stated, 
but that they belong to the Drift formation. Sections in 
this are so few and far between that we seldom have a 
chance of seeing erratics anywhere except on the surface. 
The Drift consists of two kinds — 1st, Boulder Gravels ; 
2nd, Water-worn Gravels. The Boulder Gravels are a 
confused assemblage of stones, many of them scratched, of 
all sizes and shapes, either quite unstratified or rudely 
stratified. They appear either to pass into or to be mingled 
with the second sort. These are well stratified and water- 
worn gravels and sands. But by the contorted bedding and 
queer pockets of one kind of material in the body of a 
different kind, which they often exhibit, they show signs of 
ice floating about, or of included masses of ice melting in 
their midst. The two kinds are quite indistinguishable from 
each other, except in section ; as they form externally the 
same character of ground. 
The subjoined sections, which, though drawn from 
nature, I merely give as illustrations, will exhibit the 
general character of Drift deposits, and some of the 
difficulties one has to contend with in reading these records. 
In Fig. 1, — A is Till ; B, Stratified sand and gravel over- 
lying A ; C is Irregular or unstratified gravel, deposited in a 
hollow in the Till, and apparently over the denuded ends of 
the stratified beds. But in the next figure, Fig. 2, the 
section is obscure, and we have a choice between three 
different interpretations. First, either C bears a similar 
relation to A and B, as in the first figure ; or secondly, it 
may pass gradually into B, being part and parcel thereof ; 
or lastly, the stratified beds may be the latest deposit of all, 
as shown by the dotted line. 
