MINUTES. 
207 
With the kind permission of Mr. P. W. Spencer, the owner, 
the members had an opportunity of inspecting the quarries, and 
also a fissure from which bones of Elephas antiquus, Rhinoceros, 
Bison, Bear, Hyaena, <fcc, were obtained. 
Luncheon was provided by the Treasurer, Jno. Brigg, Esq., 
J. P., of Keighley, at Raygill. 
Prof. Miall gave an address on " The Cave and its Contents," 
to which a large number of non-members were admitted (about 250) : 
He said that it was now five or six years since attention 
was first called to the discovery, and very soon afterwards he and 
Mr. Tiddeman, of the Geological Survey, came down, and by the 
kindness of the Messrs. Spencer, the proprietors of the quarries, 
they were enabled to see what was then going on. At that time 
the fissure had only been exposed, and that part near to the surface 
of the ground was being examined. The excavation of the face of 
the rock since then had exposed more and more of the fissure, 
and the bones had been found from time to time. They were 
greatly indebted to the Messrs. Spencer for the care they had taken 
to preserve what was so interesting. Too commonly, when finds 
of that kind were made, the things found were pitched into a corner. 
These remains, however, were to be preserved in the Leeds Museum, 
where a number were already treasured up, and they would be 
accessible to all who were interested in the subject. He would first 
refer to the circumstances under which the bones were discovered. 
They were found in a fissure which originally communicated with 
the surface, and which evidently penetrated a considerable depth 
into the rock. No doubt, when they came into their present 
situation, the fissure was, as he had first intimated, open, and 
communicated with the air. How they got into the fissure he 
did not know : probably they fell in, or were washed in. The 
chief interest relating to the collection was the nature of the 
material which sealed them up, viz., clay, some of w T hich was very 
stiff and some exceedingly loose, and what might be called rain- 
wash. In this clay there were local pebbles, such as limestone, and 
pebbles which had come from distant parts of the county. When 
he and Mr. Tiddeman visited the quarry, they discovered some 
pebbles of greenstone, and a large piece of slate. Amongst the 
bones were several of an elephant, and the elephant was of a species 
not now found in any part of the world. In some respects it was 
intermediate between the African and Indian elephants. The 
plates of the molar teeth were closer than the African, and not so 
close as the Indian. It was known as the Elephas antiquus. 
Besides the teeth, there were some of the bones of the limbs. Next 
they found some fine teeth of a rhinoceros, also of an extinct 
species {Rhinoceros leptorhinus). There was also an exceedingly fine 
