MELLO I CRESWELL CAVES. 
253 
small caves and fissures situated on either side of a short and 
picturesque ravine, cutting through the Lower Magnesian Limestone 
escarpment on the N.E, border of Derbyshire ; one side of the 
ravine being in that county, the other in Nottinghamshire. The 
Caves which have been explored are four in number, viz. : — The Pin 
Hole, Robin Hood's Cave, and Mother Grundy's Parlour on the 
Derbyshire or north side, and the Church Hole on the south. The 
Cave first examined was the Pin Hole, a narrow and somewhat 
lofty fissure, running for some 50 yards into the crags in a northerly 
direction. The floor consisted in descending order of 
1. Surface soil, with recent pottery, bones, etc., ... 1ft. 6in. 
2. Red sand, with angular blocks of limestone, quar- 
tzite pebbles and bones 3ft. 
3. Light coloured sand, consolidated by infiltration 
of lime. No bones ? 
A single flint flake was found just below the surface soil of this 
In bed No. 2 very numerous bones and teeth of the Pleistocene 
animals w T ere discovered, most of them broken, and some evidently 
gnawed by Hyenas, of which animals many teeth occured. Owing 
to the dampness of this Cave many of the bones were considerably 
decomposed, whilst others were in a fine state of preservation ; 
there would appear to have been some amount of rearrangement of 
the contents of the floor by occasional floodings. and a few vertebra? 
of fish and scales were here and there present. 
The following list will show what remains were found in the 
Pin Hole, the determinations having been made by Prof. G. Busk, 
Of these all except the sheep and the bird wen-, probably of 
Pleistocene age. The Hyenas, whose remains have been preserved. 
cave. 
F.R S. 
1. Homo. 
2. Ursus sp ? 
3. Gulo lusmis. 
4. Canis vulpes. 
5. „ lagopus. 
6. „ lupus. 
7. Hyaena spekea. 
8* Cervus megaceros. 
9. „ tarandus. 
10. Ovis. 
11. Bos primigenius. 
12. Equus caballus. 
13. Rhinoceros tichorhinus. 
14. Elephas primigenius . 
15. Lepus timidus. 
16. Arvicola. 
17. A bird, sp ? 
18. Fish, sp? 
