CAYUGA NURSERtES. 
Established by John Morse, In 1847. 
INTRODUCTORY. 
After many years of hard work and careful observation, we 
have come to believe that two chief causes of so many shori-lived, 
sickly and zmhidt fill trees are, — 1st, A forced gfrowth in the early 
life of the plant, and 2d, the indiscriminate cutting of scions and 
buds from the young trees in the nursery row without any knowl- 
edge of their constitutio7ial vi^or or fruiting qualities. 
Propagating from trees of known fruitful habits and Consti- 
tutional Vigor. This cannot be practiced altogether, but in many 
cases we follow this practice of cutting our buds from fruiting trees 
on our own grounds, and sometimes going many miles from home 
to secure buds from certaiii strains which have shown early fruit- 
ing habits. This is what we mean by well Guarded Parentage, 
called by some " tree breeding." By thJs process we are more 
likely to get strong Constitutional qualities, and trees of early 
FRUITING HABITS. The form and comeliness of a tree are good 
points, but should not be gained at the expense of destroying its 
constitution by too much nitrogen to push its growth. A tree or 
plant may be ruined by forcing its growth in early life. 
A. Tree of weak constitution, from any cause whatever, is 
much more subject to attack from insect pests than a tree consti- 
tutionally strong. 
There is notlting that will so shock a tree as to stimulate it 
to an unnatural, forced growth up to the time of transplanting, and 
then remove it to a soil, the fertility of which is much weaker, 
causing the tree or plant to practically stand still a j'ear or more, 
by which it receives a shock from which it is diiiicult to recover. 
After transplanting to the orchard where the tree is to re- 
main, we advise fertilizers of such a character as the soil and tree 
ay require, and applied at such times as not to produce growth 
ilte irj. the season, as the wood should be well ripened and har- 
dened before going into winter. 
Our stocks, upon which our dii¥eren| varieties are worked, 
are selected with ^ greatest care, looking to the hardiness and 
longevity of the tree. ^ ' 
