43 
temperature after the hot weather of summer and after the 
cold of winter ; the difference between these, and finally the 
mean temperature. 
ORDINARY SPRINGS. 
Eleva- 
Sum- 
Diffe- 
Locality. 
tion. 
mer. 
•ter. 
rence. 
Temp. 
Feet. 
Deg. F. 
Deg. 
Deg. 
Deg. 
250 
51 
47 
4 
49 
350 
50 
47 
3 
48 1 
475 
50i 
46| 
1050 
46 
to$ 
i 
5 
1075 
47 
44 
3 
45 1 
1225 
47 
43i 
33 
45i 
Spring near Upper Burbage Bridge 
1275 
47 i 
43 
H 
45* 
CHALYBEATE SPRINGS. 
650 
51 J 
50* 
H 
50i 
775 
48 £ 
48 
ft 
48* 
Spring near Myers Lane, No. 1 . . 
775 
48 
47 
Ditto Ditto No. 2 . . 
775 
49 
47* 
47f 
Ditto Ditto No. 3 . . 
775 
48 
47 
From these data we may, I think, draw the following con- 
clusions : — The difference between the highest and lowest 
temperature of some of the springs is very small, being 
occasionally as little as J°, though the observations were 
made after a very hot summer and a very cold winter, viz., 
in the autumn and in the spring of 1854. Such water of 
course appears to be very cold in summer, and comparatively 
warm in winter. It is extremely probable that the mean 
annual temperature of springs may in some cases vary accord- 
ing as the ground is exposed to the sun, or shaded from it 
by steep hills ; but none of those given in the table appear to 
be materially affected by this source of error, all being very 
similarly circumstanced in this respect. 
The springs which rise in the lower parts of the valleys 
west of Sheffield, at elevations varying from 250 to 500 feet, 
have a mean annual temperature of 48 J° or 49°. I am not 
aware that the true mean annual temperature at Sheffield has 
been determined with great accuracy from any long series of 
