57 
and perforated,* a bone pin formed from the radius of some 
quadruped, fragments of Roman Samian ware, a dark- coloured 
ware marked with a lozenge- shaped pattern, and also a 
coarser unglazed kind, but marked by the potter's wheel, and 
the half of a large amber ring. In the clay, numerous 
bones, jaws, and skulls of a canine animal, smaller than the 
wolf, but having similar characters. In the soft stalagmite, 
more skulls and jaws of the above animal, skull of the fox, 
the jaw, femur, humerus, and atlas of a wolf of large size and 
mature growth, and beneath all the above, and resting upon 
the floor of the cave, the parietal bones of a human skull ! 
The exhumation of such a number of bones of different 
animals from these caves, suggests two questions of some 
interest. By what means were they deposited ? And what 
is the probable age of the remains ? With respect to the 
first point, two different causes present themselves, — 
1st. That they have been washed into the caves by some 
violent flood. 
2nd. That the carnivorous species inhabited the caves, and 
carried the remains of other animals into them for food. 
The first suggestion appears to me improbable for two 
reasons. First, from the elevated situation of some of the 
caves, nearly 1,300 feet above the level of the sea, it is 
unlikely that any temporary flood could have risen so high 
during historic times as to submerge the lofty range of 
hills in which they occur. And secondly, even supposing 
this possible, the fissures, in some instances, are not suffi- 
ciently large to allow animals of the magnitude of the horse, 
ox, and red deer, to be floated into the innermost recesses of 
* Worsaae figures (page 93) the same object under the name of Dambrick 
bane or Draftsman. Edward Hailstone, Esq., of Horton Hal], has kindly 
called my attention to similar hone and clay articles figured in Bryan 
Faussett's Inventorium Sepulchrale, (p. xl., 59, 69, 81,) found in the Saxon 
graves of women in Kent, and which Akerman thinks with good reason, 
may have been the whirls of spindles. 
