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other articles of Roman art were similar in both caves, I 
consider the evidence which the coins afford no reliable 
indication of age unless we take them as a whole ; when 
the most recent will be probably those of contemporary date, 
the coins of preceding Emperors passing current as lawful 
money long after the death of the individuals in whose 
reigns they were struck. In all investigations of this kind 
we must not overlook any circumstance, however trivial, but 
view it under all its bearings. For instance, the tiger 
and hyaena are generally supposed to be pre-historic ; but 
associated with these we find the bear, which we know has 
been a native of Britain during historic times, though the 
precise period of its extirpation is not known. In Scotland it 
survived as late as the year 1057, when one of the Gordon 
family was directed by the King (Malcolm III.) to carry 
three bears' heads on his banner as a reward for his valour 
in slaying a fierce bear. The wild boar occurs in both 
caves, the last specimens of which are stated by Lord 
Macaulay to have been destroyed during the civil wars under 
Charles L That this animal was a well known native of 
the Yorkshire hills, is probable from the fact of Wild Boar 
Fell being still the name of one locality in the West Riding, 
doubtless derived from wild boars frequenting the spot. 
Therefore, though we are not able to explain the cause of 
the apparent isolation of the tiger and hyaena above alluded 
to, yet when we find them associated with the bear and wild 
boar, and the latter occurring again with the wolf at Dowka- 
bottom, are we not justified in supposing that as species 
they existed contemporaneously, though the periods of their 
final extinction might be somewhat distant ? That the latter 
animal, the wolf, was formerly abundant throughout this 
country, may be inferred from the circumstance that, in 
the Tenth century, King Edgar commuted the punishment 
for certain offences into a requisition of a certain number of 
