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of various towns, in the counties where manufactures are 
extensively carried on, or where large populations are 
brought together ; but experience proves that some other 
mode of supply must also be adopted, as the result of 
gathering only is not equal to the increasing wants of our 
increasing population. We have painful illustrations of the 
truth of this assertion where manufactories rise up as if by 
magic, as in the case of Dewsbury, Batley, Heckmondwike, 
and the surrounding places ; also Bradford, Leeds, Hudders- 
field, and the immediate outlying districts, not excepting 
Barnsley. Rivers, streams, brooks, and rivulets, are almost 
all rendered unavailable beyond a very limited space from 
their several sources, either for domestic or manufacturing 
purposes, because of the insane mode pursued of polluting 
them with the sewerage of towns, and the poisonous refuse 
of our manufactories, and other industrial operations. 
Strange as it may appear, it is no more strange than true 
that very few of the manufactories where our finest qualities 
of goods are produced, are supplied with water from these 
natural sources. Again, why are there so many failures 
in obtaining suitable supplies of water for the different 
requirements of trade ? 
In seeking for supply, as before stated, " locality' ' should 
be first considered. It is folly to expect a large supply of 
water for the purpose of manufacturing in a locality where 
mining operations are extensively carried on, for, generally, 
mines are worked much deeper than wells or shafts for 
water are sunk, and the mines thus drain all, or nearly all, 
the springs over large tracts of country ; this water, when 
pumped to the surface, is so highly impregnated with 
deleterious substances, that, as a rule, it is unfit for use for 
the purposes named. Almost all springs of water in the 
carboniferous strata, or coal measures, are useless for the 
particular purposes here contemplated. Another difficulty 
