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England would have their glaciers and icebergs formed in 
winter. In the summer, however, there would prevail a 
heat of which we have no conception. The sun would then 
return, and would remain 40 or 50 days entirely above the 
horizon day and night, not low down as is now the case in 
the arctic regions, but nearly vertical both day and night. 
Those only who have felt the fierce heat of a tropical sun, 
which remains scarcely more than 12 hours above the 
horizon, can imagine what would be the intense furnace- 
like heat, were the sun to remain nearly vertical during 40 
days and nights. The rocks on the surface, and even deep 
down in the earth, would become heated beyond anything 
which we have ever seen, whilst the sulphurous strata would 
be forced into a volcanic condition. These and many 
other changes are probably occurring in Venus, for it is 
a fact that on that planet the sun does so remain above her 
horizon. 
This singular climate is the result of the axis of Venus 
being inclined at an angle of only 15° to the plane of her 
orbit. From the consideration of the conditions on Venus, 
we naturally turn to the evidence afforded by geology on our 
own globe. We read about the singular climate of the 
glacial epoch, when glaciers extended down to 35° of latitude, 
and when huge boulders were carried from and to various 
parts of the world. The actual conditions now enacting on 
the planet Venus, dovetail very singularly with the evidence 
afforded by geology on our own earth. The intense heat of 
the sun during about 40 or 50 days, would certainly produce 
great heat in the earth, and even to the depth of some miles, 
especially if this condition prevailed during several thousand 
years. Surely we should have an expansion going on in 
Venus; mountains would be raised, fusion produced, and a 
heat induced in the lower strata just as there would be in the 
68-pounder exposed to the fire. 
