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has been washed in from the surface. Such is a brief 
sketch of the geological features of Lincoln Heath. 
The first of the incidents connected with the Heath 
refers us to the Celts or ancient Britons, who, after 
circling away from the east through the southern parts 
of Europe, at length emerged from the dense forests of 
Kesteven, then teeming with wolves, and probably with 
bears and beavers, as well as with countless varieties of 
birds that have now long since become extinct. A British 
stronghold then certainly existed at Lincoln under the name 
of " Caer Lin," and at Sleaford several British brass " celts" 
or axe-heads, and one of stone, have been discovered, showing 
that the same people occupied this extremity of the Heath as 
well as the other ; but, before it was brought into cultivation, 
many other clearer traces of the Britons were scattered over 
its surface, such as raised circles, indicative of their habita- 
tions, trenches for their defence, as at Scopwick, and tumuli 
or mounds, marking their last resting places. These, I 
believe, have now all been levelled by the plough, but in 
another part of the county I have myself had the satisfaction 
of discovering some eight or nine raised circles of earth, 
once doubtless topped by British huts, viz., in the parish of 
Tetney ; and from a spot still nearer, viz., Billinghay, I have 
secured a brass sword of the usual leaf-shaped form used by 
the Britons and other early peoples. In vain did the British 
tribes of Lincolnshire war against that great invading 
nation which eventually swept over the face of this fair 
island and secured its dominion, and which will constitute the 
second incident of the Heath, and connected with " Rome." 
It was probably rather more than one hundred years after 
Caesar's first invasion of England before Lmcolnshire began 
to feel the hard yoke that had previously been experienced 
in the south, but at length the firm tramp of the 6th Roman 
Legion was heard marching from one extremity of this 
