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which begun its sittings October 1st, 1310, a variety of 
charges were brought against the Templars. The juris- 
prudence of that age was conducted upon principles so 
contrary to justice and humanity that it is impossible to 
decide on the amount of their guilt. They were submitted 
to torture, under which many expired protesting their 
innocence ; many confessed their guilt, some of whom 
revoked their confession, protesting that it had been wrung 
from them by extremity of suffering. The order was sup- 
pressed, and their possessions awarded to the Knights 
Hospitallers, who however obtained only a small part of 
them, and that not without much remonstrance from the 
Pope to the King of France. 
Philip wrote to Edward II. of England, calling on him 
to arrest the Templars throughout his dominions. Edward 
replied to the Pope, maintaining that they had not laboured 
under any imputation either of unsound doctrine or corrupt 
morals. On the receipt of a letter from the Pope however, 
informing him of the result of the trials in France, he issued 
an order for their apprehension and the sequestration of their 
goods. This order was carried into execution, and Papal 
commissioners were sent to preside at the trial. The 
proceedings of the tribunal in London may be seen in 
Mr. Addison's work on the Knight- Templars. Grenefeld, 
who was then Archbishop of York, had just returned from 
Lyons, where he had received consecration from Clement V., 
and he summoned a provincial council which met at York, 
on May 19th, 1310. All the Templars who could be laid 
hold of in the northern counties had been seized and were 
kept in custody in York Castle. The preceptor of Temple 
Newsome was among them. Their depositions had been 
taken by the Archbishop, assisted by the Bishop of London, 
and were read before the Council, which consisted of the 
bishops of the province, the heads of the religious houses, 
