363 
country a little beyond the north-western limits of the 
district formerly included under the name of Leeds, — in the 
wilder district of Craven ; while the discovery of objects of 
ancient art at great depths under the present surface of the 
ground, under circumstances which would lead us to suspect 
that they had been deposited there at a very remote period, 
have occurred not unfrequently within the immediate neigh- 
bourhood of Leeds itself, and you have several examples of the 
objects thus found in your own museum. Some twelve years 
ago, in the course of excavations at "Wortley, in the valley 
of the Aire, a deposit of bones of the very early extinct 
animals, among which were the hippopotamus and mammoth, 
was met with, and, as it is stated, in rather close association 
with them, an object of stone, which was judged to be a 
quern, or hand-mill for grinding corn, and two pieces of 
broken pottery. An account of these was given in the 
Report of the proceedings of your Geological and Poly- 
technic Society for 1856, by Mr. Teale, who expressed his 
conviction of the accuracy of his information that these 
objects lay at a depth of five feet in a six-foot bed of undis- 
turbed clay. Of the two fragments of pottery, one has the 
well-known glaze which is considered to be not older than the* 
Norman period, with an ornament which is characteristic, 
although rude, of the Anglo-Norman pottery of the twelfth 
century, to which period, at the earliest, I believe it belongs. 
This, therefore, could have no relationship with the fossil 
bones of the Pachyderms. The object in stone appears to me 
to have been formed from the frustrum of a small Roman 
column, which had perhaps been used afterwards for some 
other purpose. 
Again, in the same Report of the Geological and Poly- 
technic Society, our excellent friend, Mr. Denny, has 
described an iron implement which he terms a " leister," — 
in fact, an implement for spearing fish — which was found in 
