501 
a ditch, known by the name of the Cleave Dike, extending 
north and south for about two miles. These tumuli bear 
marks of having been previously examined, but with what 
success I have not been able to ascertain. From their 
position, however, they may probably have been the last 
resting-places of an early British chieftain and his family, 
interred within his own camp ; as the site is peculiarly 
that of a stronghold, defended in front by the rocky 
declivity, and overlooking the country for many miles, by 
which the distant approach of any hostile force could be 
perceived and timely guarded against, while, by the sunken 
intrenchment or dike alluded to, the encampment could be 
equally protected from any surprise attempted by crossing 
the moors. There is a peculiarity in the construction of the 
Cleave Dike intrenchment to which my attention has been 
called by Mr. Verity, which consists in its being divided by 
the soil left standing about a yard thick across the trench, so 
as to form a raised partition at every three yards. These 
divisions are best seen in the north part of the Training 
Ground, adjoining Hesketh Farm ; at other parts of the dike 
they have been more or less obliterated by the surrounding 
soil falling down during centuries of exposure. For what 
purpose have these numerous divisions been left standing? 
Could they have been for the safety of separate defenders 
along the whole line of intrenchment, like the sunk pits or 
earthworks in modern warfare, to command an important 
position? Mr. Verity suggests " that these cavities, walled in 
by the continuous mound of earth on both sides, and covered 
with wattle-boughs, might have been the rudimentary huts 
of this populous Ancient British village, and with the adjoin- 
ing camp and tumuli made up probably what Caesar calls 
their Oppida, which in this instance was a long one-sided 
street of defensive habitations ; and as there are other lines 
of dike crossing the hills in different directions, they may 
indicate the jurisdiction of the various petty chieftains of the 
