582 
to day further east than Blubberhouses, or further west than 
Slaidburn, we may trace the axes as far" in the one direction 
as Ormskirk, where they disappear under the lower New 
Red Sandstone; and on the other side to Knaresborough, 
where they are similarly lost under the lower Permian beds. 
Of the western prolongation I have no direct knowledge, and 
I shall, therefore, merely quote Professor Phillips' observations. 
He says " the Lothersdale ridge is prolonged nearly in a 
parallel course on the lines of the ' Rearing Beds ' of 
Barrowford, and Padiham Heights, and Whalley ; the 
millstone grit ranging from thence by Ormskirk to the sea, 
and, dipping to the S.E., indicates the continuation of the 
same combined axis of elevation, while the coalfield of 
Burnley lies in a parallel depression on the one side, and 
Longridge Fell forms its boundary on the other." * 
Eastwards we may find evidence of a similar extension of 
the main anticlinal axis in the disturbed district of Harrogate. 
The general direction is there S/W. to N.E., viz., from 
Pannal Ash and Beckwith Head, across the Stray, where the 
fault is distinctly visible in the railway cutting near the 
Prince of Wales Hotel, thence on to Starbeck, where the 
line of elevation crosses the railway between the first and 
second bridges north of the station, and so on to Forest Lane 
and Knaresborough. Another line crosses the sulphur 
springs in a S.E. to ET.W. direction, terminating in a cross- 
fault, close to the Pump Room. 
The whole visible line of elevation is not less than seventy 
miles in length. 
As to the manner in which these parallel anticlinals arose, 
there is little difference of opinion. All the appearances 
suggest a yielding to lateral pressure, such as would be caused 
by unequal resistance to the thrust of a mountain mass. I 
believe the current doctrine is, that the crust of the earth is 
* Geology of Yorkshire, vol. ii., p. 23. 
