667 
upon which the tents were pitched ; showing us how the 
Koinans utilised the vallum as dry ground on. which to fix 
their tents; and also how they dug out the earth round 
each tent, to allow an outfall for the rain water. The 
majority appear to me to be of an oblong shape, with 
rounded corners ; but some are circular, and others almost 
a perfect oblong. But the depression of the soil, and the 
working down of the mounds, in the lapse of centuries, 
leaves, as I said before, these dimensions difficult to 
calculate. 
You will note, also, that three stumps are marked out on 
the plan. They are of old black oak ; and appear, by the 
direction they take, as if a bridge of planks had been 
erected over the marsh, — which is here peculiarly wet, — 
between the rearward gate and nether camp. There appears 
to have been, on the right hand of the Porta Decumana, a 
tent for the general ; and also one for the reception of the 
eagles. On the left hand, close to the entrance, I noted some 
large stones. They must have been brought from a 
distance ; and appear to have the marks of fire upon them. 
This may have been the place for cooking.* The round 
tent, on the left hand, may have been the Queestorium, 
where they kept the stores, and which Livy tells us was 
near the back gate of the camp. 
These mounds I have spoken of vary in size. The gene- 
ral run appears to be 12 by 9, others 12 by 6, and a few 
certainly of larger dimensions. If this camp shows us 
nothing else, — and I know of no other camp that teaches 
this so manifestly, — it shows us how the Romans went to 
work when they camped in these marshy sites, which they 
were so fond of occupying, as they were safe from surprise ; 
* In plate iii., Atlas to voL 2 of the Emperor's "Julius Csesar," in Caesar's 
Camp at Mount St. Pierre, the cooking places are marked to the left of the Porta 
Decumana, 
