2 
KENDALL : THE GLACIER LAKES OF CLEVELAND. 
Generally over the coast region of Yorkshire two boulder clays 
have been identified. An upper clay, reddish and almost devoid 
of boulders, and a lower clay, which is bluish, and contains 
many erratics. The erratics in the Cleveland area may be 
grouped into three divisions, according to the place of origin : — 
I. — Western Group. 
South-western Scotland. 
Lake District and Vale of Eden. 
Teesdale and Pennine Chain. 
II. — Northern Group. 
South-eastern Scotland and the Cheviots.* 
Eastern Durham. 
III. — Eastern Group. 
Christiania region. 
Gulf of Bothnia. 
Denmark, or Bed of North Sea. 
Drift deposits completely surround the Cleveland area,, 
and extend along the Vale of Pickering and Eskdale, but except 
on the north they only fringe the hill country. All along the 
Cleveland escarpment south of Stokesley drift is found con- 
tinuously up to 400 feet, but in embayments it rises to 800 feet. 
In the Lockwood Hills a spread of gravel forms a capping at 
867 feet, and further east the drift boundary varies slightly 
above and below the 800 contour-line. From Stonegate east- 
ward the drift crosses the watershed in an almost continuous 
sheet as far as Whitby. From Robin Hood's Bay southwards 
the drift declines graduall}^ to 600 feet at Seamer, fringing the 
front of the moorlands, but not extending down the gentle 
*In my paper in the Q.J.G.S., Vol. LVIII., I remark (p. 565) that "the 
immense abundance of Cheviot volcanic rocks has only within the last three 
or four years been fully recognised by geologists in Yorkshire." It is right 
that I should add that their abundance in our drift deposits was fully 
demonstrated by one geologist, namely, the Rev. John Ha well, in 1887, who 
reported upon some 365 boulders, a large proportion of which were derived 
from the Cheviots. 
