154 
NOTES FOR THE FIELD EXCLHISION TO MELROSE. 
July \m to I5th, 1902. 
BY B. N. PEACH, F.G.S., OF THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF 
SCOTLAND. 
Melrose makes a good centre near tlie Borders for studying 
peculiar igneous rocks which could give off recognisable boulders. 
I. The volcanic platform of the " Kelso Traps " of Lower 
Carboniferous age can be studied by taking train to Rutherford 
Station, where the Tweed makes a slight gorge through them 
(see published Geol. Sur. one inch map 25 and Fig. 2 opposite), 
and their relations to the underlying Upper Old Red Sandstones 
and th3 overlying " Tuedians," or Cement Stone Group of 
Scotland, can be seen. On the west side the traps are faulted 
against the Upper Old Red Sandstone, and on the east side they 
pass upwards into the overlying Cement Stone Group (the 
" Tuedians "). The rocks of this platform are mainly olivine 
dolerites (" Jedburgh Type " of Sir A. Geikie). A big intrusive 
sheet of dolerite that caps the Penel Heugh, three miles to the 
south of Rutherford, might be visited on the same day. Sheets 
and cappings of the same type of rock occur at Dry burgh, a 
little to the north of the Abbey, and capping the Red-path 
Hills, 2 J miles north of Dry burgh and four miles east of Melrose. 
II. A peculiar and remarkable set of igneous intrusions 
occurs round Melrose and near Earlston, intrusive in the Silurian 
and Upper Old Red Sandstone rocks. Sections 1 and 2 
show the relations of these igneous rocks in the Eildon Hills 
to the Silurian and Upper Old Red Sandstone strata. As shown 
on the one inch map, the pipes which supply tlie capping sheet 
are well seen on the west side of the Mid Eildon. One is very 
well seen in the quarry between the Mid and East Eildon, where 
it rises through the Upper Old Red marls and spreads over them, 
altering and discolouring them. At its northern margin splieru- 
litic structure is well seen, the spherules sometimes being 
