206 JOWETT AND MUFF : GLACIATION OF BRADFORD, ETC. 
mound, which has been worked for the Hmestone boulders which 
it contains. Near the old Hmekiln there are several large masses 
of unstratified gravel cemented by calcite into a hard con- 
glomerate. The majority of the pebbles are of limestone, mixed 
with others of grit, sandstone, and shale. From this point 
a ridge of gravelly drift runs in a north-westerly direction towards 
Pad Cote, and a low ridge of clayey drift trends eastwards for 
nearly half a mile to Andrew Hill. Here a small stream section 
exposes three to four feet of yellowish sandy clay, containing 
rounded boulders of hmestone, grit, gannister, shale, chert, 
calcite, and barytes. Boulders of grit and gannister lie about 
upon the surface of the mound. The whole ridge is probably 
morainic in origin, and marks the edge of the ice at a period 
during its retreat. 
At the western end of Rumbles Moor, on the north side of 
Airedale, mounds of clayey drift occur at an altitude of 1,200 
feet, and a low ridge crosses the Keighley and Ilkley road about 
J mile W.S.W. of the Keighley Gate. These mounds were 
probably formed in the angle between the combined Airedale 
and Wharfedale ice-sheet, where it split against the western 
shoulder of Rumbles Moor. 
Probably the most remarkable moraine in the district is 
that which begins at Lanshaw Delves, at the north-east corner 
of Rumbles Moor. It runs in a direction W. 12° N.— E. 12° S. 
for three-quarters of a mile, and then, turning towards the 
south-east, is traceable in a series of detached mounds which 
cross the head of Coldstone and Carr Becks, and run towards 
Craven Hall Hill. Up to this point the moraine is situated on 
the Wharfedale side of the Wharfe-Aire divide, but it now crosses 
the watershed and runs in a south-south-easterly direction to 
the reservoir near Reva Side. Beyond the reservoir the moraine 
is continued in a south-easterly direction to near Hawksworth. 
Isolated mounds situated opposite Hawksworth Hall continue 
the same line, and are known as Birkin Hill and Greenhouse 
Hill. Though generally a single ridge between 10 and 20 feet 
high, there are two, and sometimes three, parallel ridges on 
the moor edge above the reservoir. The moraine commences 
at an elevation of 1,175 feet at Lanshaw Delves, and is traceable 
