240 JOWETT AND MUFF : GLACIATION OF BRADFORD, ETC. 
A shrinkage of the ice opened Green Clough, which is a 
shallow valley commencing at 1,080 feet and \vinding round 
the eastern flanks of Kidstone Hill. Immediately to the east 
there is a series of four shallow dry gaps, all of which lead into 
Buft Hole, a dry valley about 50 feet deep, the intake-levels 
varpng from 1,070 to 1,045 feet. 
Beyond Fernshaw Hill an overflow channel with a double 
head enters Buft Hole on its left bank. The altitudes of the 
intakes are about 1,030 and 1,015 feet respectively. 
The overflow-channels enumerated above almost all exhibit 
at their intakes the deflection to the west, which indicates that 
the ice-front stood close up to each one at least for some period 
during its formation. The occurrence of loop channels or 
" deserted ox-bows "* near their lower ends indicates not only 
the presence of the ice-front, but also local oscillations of the 
ice whilst each of the valleys, in connection with which an " ox- 
bow " occurs, was being eroded. 
On Cutshaw Moor, a mile and a half to the east-north-east, 
the watershed is again cut through by two channels. The 
higher one commences at 1,050 feet above O.D. and runs as 
a shallow dry valley obliquely across the contours to Cutshaw 
Farm, where it passes through the watershed. It is joined 
near the farm by another shallow dry valley, the intake-level 
of which is a little below 1,000 feet. These valleys, therefore, 
cut through the ridge at the same levels as the gaps at Buft 
Hole described above. This is explained by the presence of 
the spur, which runs northward towards Sutton from the highest 
part of the ridge west of Cutshaw. When the impounded waters 
of the Glusburn Lake were discharging by the Buft Hole channels 
into the Newsholme Lake, the ice must have stood up against 
this spur. To the east of the spur the hollow in the angle between 
it and the main ridge contained a lakelet which discharged 
quite independently by the Cutshaw channels into the News- 
holme Lake. 
It is difficult to say at what level the Cutshaw channel 
ends, but it may go as low as 850 feet. This would indicate 
* Prof. Kendall loc. cit. 
