448 SEW ELL : OVERFLOW CHANNEL IN NEWTON DALE. 
Kendall's later researches, hardly so likely to be correct. Never- 
theless, I think it has flowed into Lake Pickering, though not 
near Seamer. In common with all the other streams flowing 
southward from the watershed, it would also in its earHer life have, 
in all probability, a directly south or south-eastern course, and 
not as at present form a tributary of the River Esk, which has 
a distinctly east and north flow. 
Lake Wheeldale. 
It is impossible to state the dimensions and exact position of 
this Glacier lake (Kendall), but in pre-Glacial times the outflow of 
a similar lake, or of a river (Wheeldale Gill Stream), was through 
the wide true river valley lying between Brown How and Wardell 
Rigg.* This valley, now partially filled up with peat, is called 
Slavey Slack, or Water Peel, and seems to have discharged its 
waters into a lake or river course in the region of Raindale, from 
which it continued to flow in a south direction through the 
southern end of Newton Dale to Pickering. This dale during 
the pre-Glacial time would not be cut do\^Ti to its present low 
level ; indeed, the Glacial overflow channel has been formed 
through what we may call the " Raindale Lake " bottom, as may 
be distinctly seen from the hills above Levisham Station. The 
Pickering end of Newton Dale appears to correspond in the 
direction and character of its drainage with Bilsdale and Farn- 
dale further to the west. The head waters of this pre-(j^lacial 
Newton Dale stream would be probably, as already stated, far to 
the north in Wheeldale Gill. 
At what time, what is now the Murk Esk, captured the 
Wheeldale stream we cannot tell, but I very much doubt the 
existence of any pre-Glacial river course lying buried under 
boulder-clay between Hunt House and Goathland. 
Having now considered Newton Dale south of Raindale, 
we must turn to Newton Dale north of Raindale. Lentil the 
break up of the Ice Age, which Mr. Kendall so ably describes, 
* The 800/825 contour stretches from above (south of) Moss Slack to 
south of Simon How (825) and, except for the cutting down by Blawath 
Beck, continues to Wardell Rigg. 
