140 
BURRELL : DROPPING WELL AT KNARESBOROUGH. 
particles. The flow is about 20 gallons a minute, and the temperature 
very constant, two readings giving : — 
August ... Temp, of air, 15*5° C. ; temp, of water, 9 7® C. 
December „ „ 2-0° C. ; „ „ 9-0® C. 
Analysis. The general course adopted was that recommended 
by Fresenius ; the numbers given are the means of at least two, and 
in some cases three or more concordant results. For the estimation 
of substances present in minute quantity, 25 litres (oj gallons) were 
evaporated, but no traces of bromine, iodine, fluorine, or lithium 
could be detected. The negative results in searching for these 
elements is confirmed by the small quantities of chlorine and alkalies 
present in the water. 
^Strontium Sulphate was found on the banks of the Nidd, at 
Knaresborough, so far back as 1811, but has not previously been 
detected in this water, in which it is now sliown to exist to the 
extent of over ^ a grain per gallon. This comparatively rare element 
is also present in the Knaresborough Bilton Spa Water, but in this 
case it exists as carbonate. 
In the first table the quantities of the difl"erent constituents 
are given in grams per litre under I., and in grains per gallon under II. 
Constituents 
per Litre and per 
Gallon. 
I. 
II. 
In grams per Litre. 
In grains per G{ 
Carbon Di-oxide 
0 1614 
11-298 
Silica 
00107 
0-749 
Sulphuric Acid 
1-3524 
94-668 
Chlorine ... 
00270 
1-890 
Iron 
00011 
0077 
Manganese 
0-0006 
0042 
Calcium ... 
0-6330 
44-310 
Strontium 
00046 
0-322 
Magnesium 
00491 
3-437 
Sodium 
00156 
1-092 
Potassium... 
00035 
0-245 
* See Trans. Geol. Soc. 1817, 4, 445; also Edin. Phil. Journ., 
Jan. 1825, 12, 178, 179. 
