SHEPPARD : NOTES ON ELEPHAS ANTIQUUS AND OTHER REMAINS. 229 
to the deposit in 1829, and a description of it by Messrs. Harcourt, 
Salmond, and Phillips appeared in the Philosophical Magazine for 
September of that year. Snbsequently Mr. Harcourt gave the results 
of further investigations (six or seven hundred loads of marl having 
been removed)/'' and Phillips, in his " Geology of Yorkshire,"! gives 
a valuable summary of these two papers. 
The following is the succession of the deposits exposed at 
Bielbecks : — Feet. 
(a) Yellow sand and gravel (the latter composed of chalk and 
sharp flints), with a few pebbles of quartz and sandstone, 
but containing ''no bones, shells, or vegetable remains "t 7| 
(b) Grey marl, containing rolled pebbles of quartz, Mountain 
Limestone, and sandstone of the Carboniferous series, with 
chalk and flint. In this bed were found numerous small 
fragments of tusk and teeth, together with a few other 
remains of mammoth, and also a few bones of horse, 
rhinoceros, and deer ... 2^ 
(c) Black marl, containing minute pebbles of chalk, very few 
flints ; at the bottom, two or three pieces of flne-grained 
calcareous sandstone, similar specimens to which may be 
found in the adjacent red marl series ; no fragments 
derived from remote districts. Remains of elephant, 
horse, rhinoceros, wolf, and duck,|| and also land and 
fresh- water shells were found in this layer ... ... 12^ 
Red marls, with no organic remains, form the base of the 
series ... . . ... ... ... ... 
Total 22 i 
From this it will be seen that there is a striking similarity between 
the Mill Hill and Bielbecks deposits. The top gravel in each case is 
* Phil. Mag., 1830. t 3rd Edition, 1875, p. 12-19. 
X The italics are mine. 
II On page 168 of Phillips' "Yorkshire," in the "List of Mammalian Remains 
found in Pleistocene Deposits of Yorkshire," the cave lion {Felis spelmi) is 
mentioned as found " in Lacustrine clay, Bielbecks," and on page 273 the 
" fossil bear" {Ursus arctus) is also added, though it is not clear from which 
bed these specimens were obtained, probably from the lower one (c). The 
Bielbecks collection is now in the York Museum. 
