SPENCER : THE HALIFAX COAL STRATA. 
309 
This rock is evidently the shore deposit of a great estuary. It 
consists of alternations of beds of stone, rag, and shale, the rock 
having two beds of shale, one a foot and the other 5 ft. in thickness, 
which, further south, increase to 20 ft. or more in thickness — with 
a thin bed of Anthracosia towards the top. A great number and 
variety of fossil plants have been found in this rock, including 
Lepidodendra, Sigillaria, Stigmaria, Calamites, Halonia, Artisia, 
Cordaites, Bothrodendron, Trigonocarpons, Cardiocarpons, ferns, 
fruits, etc., worm tracks, and other curious trails. 
Faults. — The Halifax beds, like most other coal strata, are 
dislocated here and there by faults which range from 52 yds. down 
to a few feet of throw ; there are none, however, which call for any 
particular notice. 
Fossil plants found in the Halifax Coal Strata and the 
Northowram (Elland) Flagrock : — 
Ccdamarioi (Calamites) Suckow. Flagrock. 
Calamitina varians (Sternberg). ,, 
55 ffoppertii Ett. Flagrock. 
,, varians var. (Schiitzei.). Flagrock. 
Eucalamites ramosus. Artis. sp. ,, 
Stylocalamites suckowii. Brougt. ,, 
„ canncfformis. Flagrock. 
cistii Brougt. sp. Flagrock. 
Astrocalamites scrobicularis, ,, 
Lepidodendron eleyaiis. Soft Bed Coal roof, Southowram. 
sternbergii. „ ,, „ 
„ peachii. „ „ „ 
„ dichotomum. Hard Bed Coal-balls ,, 
„ selaginoides. ,, ,, „ 
„ gracilis (Carr). Flagrock, Northowram. 
,, ohovatum (Sternb.). ,, 
LepidophylliLm. Several forms. Coal Strata. „ 
Knorria taxina (decortated Lepidodendron). 
Halonia regulai^is — fruiting branches of Lepidodendron, 
Lepidophloios, and Sigillaria, Northowram. 
