68 
which they ought to exist; for the land is sufficiently 
fertile to grow them. One-half, at an average, is the 
Holcus lanatus, which is a very inferior soft grass, 
disliked by horses, and not containing much nutrition. 
Alopecurus pratensis, Phleum nodosum, Lolium perenne, 
Pestuca (pratensis), Poa trivialis, are seen very thinly 
scattered. The only way to obtain good grass seeds is 
to sow them in beds, reap them when their seed is ripe, 
and not, as is usual, obtain seeds from the hay-chamber^ 
from grasses cut in the first week in July, when most 
of the superior grasses have not then ripened their 
seeds. Every large farmer should have a plot of land 
reserved for the purpose. Much difference of opinion 
exists regarding the variety of grasses which ought to 
be sown. Sinclair, in his Hortus Gramineus, gives a 
list of eighteen varieties, because he had found them in 
the best pastures examined by him ; but Professor Low 
recommends only seven, saying that " it is the business 
" of the farmer to stock his pastures with the best 
" grasses which they are capable of producing ; inferior 
" kinds will quickly tend to occupy the ground.' ' 
The seven named by him are Alopecurus pratensis, 
Phleum pratense, Festuca pratensis, Poa trivialis, 
Dactylus glomeratus, Lolium perenne, and Lolium 
Italicum. 
The most difficult part of the task is now the 
description of, and suggestions for, improvement of the 
lands subordinate to the true New Red Sandstone, i. e, 
of the two clay beds, which form the soils of Tilts, Owston^ 
Akern, Womersley, &cc. They may all be described as 
thin clay wet soils on retentive subsoils. The rent of the 
land averages from 8s. to 20s. The rotation of crops is 
the same as that pursued over the Diluvial district, 
viz. — fallow, wheat, seeds or beans, oats.^ Barley is 
* At Moss, frequently — fallow j wheat ; beans ; wheat j beans ; 
oats. Five exhausting, and onerestorative, crop. 
