93 
by Adwick-le- Street; Robin Hood's Well, and as far east as 
Owston Park, tbence by Campsall, Womersley, Criddling 
Stubbs, to Knottingley. The estates situated upon the upper 
tbin-bedded limestone are Mr. , Carlton, Mr. Coleman, 
Wadworth, Mr. Cooke, Loversall, Mr. Banks, St. Catherine's, 
Mr. Wrightson, Cusworth, Captain Elmsall, Woodlands, 
Mr. Tasburgh, Burghwallis, Mr. Yarborough, Camps Mount' 
Lord Hawke, Womersley. 
This bed, from the Aire and Calder to the River Don, 
maintains the same agricultural character, with great regu- 
larity. At Knottingley and at Criddling Park the inferior 
bed of red clay and gypsum is often seen on the surface, 
being brought into that position, not by the simple dislocation 
of the beds usually observed in the carboniferous series, (for 
there is no vertical displacement of the limestone strata on 
either side of the red clay bed,) but apparently as if the clay 
had been pushed up from below. This interruption in the 
continuity of the limestone, is not only a source of expense 
to the excavator of the stone, but produces for three miles to 
the south of Knottingley, a variable tract of wetter land. 
To the south of Womersley, however, there is little variation 
in fertility of soil, until Skellow and Adwick-le- Street, where 
it certainly is superior, but made so, I believe, by the more 
perfect management of the farmers, for the soil at Adwick is 
only fourteen inches thick, which is about its average thick- 
ness, and the increased fertility is therefore not to be attri- 
buted to greater depth of soil. There are, however, a few 
productive fields around Norton, one of which has produced 
seventeen loads of wheat per acre, and twelve to fourteen is 
the customary crop ; the depth of the soil, however, in these 
fields is three feet. Again there is a fertile tract of grazing 
land, as pointed out to me by P. D. Cooke, Esq., running in 
an east and west line from Carcroft to near Skellow, yet this 
land is not strictly limestone soil, and is not formed by the 
