128 
this seems to be the general system. The following is the 
course with only once wheat : — 
1. Potatoes or carrots (4 ploughings) 12 tons per English acre 
English acre of farm-yard dung. 
2. Flax (2 ploughings) 105 bushels of ashes, and 48 hogsheads 
of urine. 
3. Wheat (2 ploughings) lOj tons of farm-yard dung. 
4. Rye and turnips (2 ploughings) lOj tons of farm-yard dung. 
5. Oats with clover (2 ploughings) 10 J tons of farm-yard dung. 
6. Clover top dressed, 104 bushels Dutch ashes. 
7. Rye (1 ploughing) and 52 hogsheads of urine and night soil. 
8. Oats (2 ploughings) 52 hogsheads do. 
9. Buck wheat (4 ploughings) and without manure. 
In 100 acres, there will be used of farm-yard manure 393 tons, 
and 1672 hogsheads of urine, so that some of the latter must 
be purchased, or more stock than usual is kept. 
The following calculations of produce and expenses are 
taken from a report made to the French Government, in 
1812, by M. de Lichtervelde, on Spade Husbandry, and the 
quantity of produce is not said to be extraordinary, being 
the same as is produced on a farm cultivated with the plough. 
The calculation is of 100 acres, and the following produce 
being sent to market, calculated at English prices : — 
210 Load of wheat at 2os £272 10 
78 Quarters of Rye at 40s 157 0 
210. Bushels of buck wheat at 4s 42 0 
87 Quarters of oats, at 24s 104 8 
7 Acres of flax, at £10 70 0 
560 Bushels of rapeseed at 6s 158 0 
56 Cwt. butter from 30 cows, at £5 280 0 
14 Fat hogs, at £5 70 0 
7 Heifers and 14 calves sold annually .. 84 0 
1226 18 
The expenses upon the farm, calculating labour 
at the rate paid in the dearest parts of Eng- 
land, amounted to 616 0 
Leaving for profit, rent, interest of capital.,£6lO 18 
