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vegetable and animal manures as are common to all soils. 
The inquiry is, what constitution or composition of soils is 
best adapted to the production of the best feeding pastures, 
when managed as grazing pastures usually are ? A definite 
quantity of alumina, neither too much nor too little, may 
therefore be requisite, as well as the manures required. 
Mr. Monte iTH. — I have seen the effects of bone manure 
in Cheshire. I have observed one part of a field in which 
bone-dust was laid : it was very different from that on which 
there was none, particularly among clovers. The grasses 
were much promoted in their luxuriance. You might per- 
ceive in that part of the field a greater degree of greenness 
than in other parts. 
Mr. Thorp in reply. In answer to the several observa- 
tions made upon the report, and first to those of Lord 
Fitzwilliam and of Mr. Ingham, as to whether the climate 
affords the possibility of growing a second crop of turnips 
after harvest, I would recount how far north the practice 
does prevail. At Carlton on the Trent, not thirty miles 
south of Doncaster, situated upon the clays of Nottingham- 
shire, turnips on v/heat stubbles form part of their regular 
course of cropping, and are always grown there. They are 
also grown frequently at Bawtry, ten miles south of Doncas- 
ter, and have been grown on the north side of Doncaster, at 
Almholme, averaging 15 tons per acre, and at all these places 
without the use of liquid manure. It was said at the Agri- 
cultural Meeting at Liverpool that turnips can be brought 
into broad leaf in forty-eight hours. The Rev. W. Rham 
says that in Belgium the ploughing and sowing of the 
turnips follow on the very heels of the reapers, and that the 
seed sown will be out and in rough leaf, when that which is 
sown two or three days later is only just coming up,— that 
the growth is rapid beyond belief from being watered, as 
soon as fairly up, with diluted urine, — that if sown in July, 
