340 
succeeding pages gives the result of a very careful ex- 
amination of the coast line of Yorkshire, and describes 
the accumulations which are visible on many of the cliffs 
between Bridlington and the mouth of the Tees, tracing 
back to their native districts the various fragments. Thus 
Shap Fell has contributed its peculiar porphyritic granite ; 
Carrock Fell its sienite and greenstone ; the Grasmere 
Mountains their amygdaloidal and brecciated grauwacke ; 
Kirkby Stephen its calcareous breccia ; Teesdale its green- 
stone; and western Yorkshire its limestone, sandstone, and 
coal ; other fragments are referred to Scotland and Norway. 
In addition to the great variety, the immense size of some 
of the blocks is deserving of notice, many weighing not 
less than three-fourths of a ton. 
A deposit precisely similar occupies the whole of the vale 
of York, extending beyond the river Tees into Durham, 
for the observation of which the works on the Great North 
of England Railway offer great facilities. In Lancashire 
also, it occurs in abundance, particularly in the district of 
the Fylde and the neighbourhood of Preston. 
From the description of the fragments of rock which I 
have just read, it will be evident that they have generally 
come from the north or north-west, which naturally gave rise 
to the idea that they were removed by the action of a violent 
flood having that direction ; this also applies to the vast accu- 
mulations on the continent. Some years since Dr. Buckland 
wrote an elaborate work entitled, " Reliquiae Diluvianse," to 
prove that they originated from the deluge recorded in scrip- 
ture ; but on more mature examination, he was compelled to 
give up the idea. Still the theory that a flood of water was 
the agent, remained, and has been upheld by many geologists, 
among whom we have some eminent names ; but its support- 
ers have always found very great, and, I think, insurmount- 
able difliculties, in their explanations. 
