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very detailed account of the stratified deposits of the East 
coast, and will confine my remarks to other localities. I have 
attentively examined two very interesting instances of this 
class on the line of the great North of England Railway, 
where the gravel beds have been extensively worked for the 
purpose of obtaining ballast. At Cowton, about eight miles 
south of Darlington, the gravel is composed of pebbles of 
various sizes, intermingled with sand in continuous layers, 
the laminations constantly dipping to the south at a consider- 
able angle. At Thirsk the constitution of the gravel is 
much more variable than at Cowton ; many seams of sand of 
various colours, and great diversity of grain, with beds of 
rounded pebbles, lying at different angles, but generally not 
far from horizontal: many of the strata are very finely lami- 
nated, and are like successive tidal deposits, portions of which 
appear to have been afterwards removed, causing the succeed- 
ing layers to be arranged at a different angle, — altogether 
evidencing the existence of a long-continued and compara- 
tively gentle action of water. 
The predominant pebbles here are from the lias and oolitic 
hills to the east, with many lias fossils partially rounded; also 
traces of coal, and occasional small pieces of granite very 
much rounded, entirely different from the fragments enclosed 
in the subjacent stratum, which is the general red clay, inter- 
spersed with boulders, some of large size, and but little worn 
by attrition, affording undeniable proof that these appear- 
ances result from operations of a totally distinct character. 
Since writing the preceding remarks, I have visited the 
coast of Lancashire, in order to see how far the deposits of 
drift in that district coincide with those already described, 
and it w^as satisfactory to find the distinguishing features of 
the two divisions strikingly marked. The cliffs north of 
Blackpool offer very favourable opportunities for examination. 
