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valley of the Lmie, near Sedbergh, also in this county, 1 
have seen large tracts covered with the same formation. 
Near Kendal, erratic blocks of large size are frequent, and 
the whole line of country between that place and Lancaster 
is covered with drift. An examination of these districts 
will, I think, convince any one that the action of a current of 
water could not be the only agent employed, though in some 
of the lower situations, there are instances in which a subse- 
quent arrangement of the materials has taken place. 
I will not weary you with a detailed account of the various 
arguments brought forward by the partizans and opponents 
of the glacial theory, and will merely mention a few of the 
numerous facts which have been collected by individuals in 
distant localities, all of which prove that the temperature of 
the sea in these latitudes is now higher than it was at the 
time when these deposits were formed. 
Mr. Smith, of Jordan Hill, near Glasgow, in his observa- 
tions upon the superficial beds in that neighbourhood, 
describes them as being very similar to those in this county, 
viz., uppermost, sand ; next, brick earth, interlaminated with 
sand ; then a bed known in Scotland by the name of till, 
containing- boulder stones. He then states that he has dis- 
covered, at an elevation of forty feet above the present 
shores, beds of shells, containing eighty-five per cent, of 
species now existing; those of extinct species resemble shells 
from Canada, and indicate a colder climate at the time the 
animals existed. 
We have similar evidence from Mr. De la Beche and Mr. 
Austen, both of them geologists of high standing in the 
south of Eno^land. Mr. Austen, in describino^ the raised 
beaches which frequently occur on the coast of Devonshire 
and Cornwall, says that among the shells found in them, are 
species which do not now exist in those seas, but which inha- 
bit more northern latitudes ; and adds the converse fact, that 
