352 
happy to co-operate with Mr. Clay, in procuring such speci- 
mens as they were able, and in that way to throw additional 
light on the subject. 
AN ELUCIDATION OF THE GEOMETRICAL PRINCIPLES OF 
GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE, PART II.,* BY WM. W^ALLEN, 
ESQ., F.S.A., ARCHITECT, HUDDERSFIELD. 
NORMAN ARCADES (EXTERNALLY.) 
In resuming the subject of Gothic Architecture, I shall 
first notice the intersecting and interlacing Arcades (so 
frequent upon Norman buildings), as probably originating 
the idea of the pointed arch, for I think little reliance is 
to be placed upon the accidental form of the arch seen 
upon the coins of Berengarius, King of Italy, or in the 
Mosaics, previously to the tenth century ; and I make this 
remark the more pointedly, as the examples of windows in 
York, Lincoln, and Beverley Minsters are complete pa- 
rallels to the Norman Arcades of Norwich Cathedral, 
Saint John's Church, Devizes, and other examples : omit 
the pierced lights in the former (which are of the thirteenth 
century), complete the intercepted portions of the inter- 
secting circles, and the examples are identically the same 
in principle. (Compare Nos. 4 and 5, plate 1, with Nos. 
6 and 7, plate 2.) The transition example, plate 3, No. 10, 
clearly proves this. 
With such proofs as these before us, I think there can 
be little doubt that the intersecting Norman Arcade was 
really the source from which the idea of the Pointed Arch 
was derived; as in the examples of triple and multiple 
windows, it is clear that the architects must have drawn 
intersecting circles, in order to determine the degree of 
acuteness or obtuseness observable in the lights. (See plate 
2, Nos. 2, 6, 7 and 8.) 
* Continued from page 314. 
