373 
" nearly circular) ; the eye feels the pleasure it is naturally 
formed to receive from the continued diversity, though 
" very few, perhaps scarcely any, of the spectators are at 
the same time at all conscious of the cause." I may 
also add, that the greatest diversity is observable in the 
plans of Norman and pointed clustered pillars : of the 
former, some very interesting specimens occur in the nave 
of Kirkstall Abbey (transition) ; of the latter, I will only 
mention those in Darlington Church, Durham ; in the 
north aisle, the first pillars are clustered, the second cylin- 
drical, the third octagonal, and the fourth a plain cylinder ; 
in the south aisle, the first and third are clustered, and 
the second and fourth octagonal. 
Mr. Kerrick's observations as to the variety given in the 
light and shade by Gothic arch mouldings may perhaps be 
better understood by reference to plate 3, No. 4. The 
upper foils of the trefoiled head of the arcade are struck from 
two centres so close to each other as to render the foils almost 
portion of one and the same circle ; if arcs of circles of less 
radius were struck, the foil would become exceedingly acute ^ 
We may readily imagine, that if from the centres of diagram 
No. 19, plate 1, two very large circles were struck, they 
would appear almost as a semicircle formed from one centre, 
— in the same manner as from the immeasurable distance 
of the stars in the firmament, (but reversing the position), 
they appear contiguous to each other, although probably 
millions of miles asunder, and the suns of separate systems 
equally important with our own. 
The great advantage of Gothic Architecture over the 
Circular style, in the projection of shadows, is very evident 
in the mouldings of the thirteenth century, as their graceful 
contours allow the " liquid light" to melt imperceptibly into 
the shade : nav, more than this — a constant recurrence of 
the same regular forms, such as are perceived in Norman 
