I 
20 DE RANGE : THE VALE OF CLWYD CAVES. 
That the caves of the Vale of Clwyd were inhabited by hyaenas 
and other animals at a period, when man existed in the Vale of 
Clwyd, before the deposition of the middle and upper glacial deposits, 
but whether before the oldest glacial deposits, there is no evidence to 
show. 
That the Vale of Clwyd like the valleys of the Ribblo and the 
Mersey was deeper before tlie deposition of the glacial deposits than 
at the present time. That the valleys and plains of Lancashire, 
Cheshire, and the coast of North Wales were filled up with various 
Drift deposits. 
That the existing valleys of Lancashire, Cheshire, and the coast 
of North Wales, liave been excavated by tlie action of running water 
since the deposition of the Upper Boulder Clay. 
That the great peat beds fringing the coasts of these districts 
are later than the period of denudation of those valleys in the Glacial 
Drifts. 
That the period of the Roman occupation of Britain was later 
than the growth of the peat. 
NOTES ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE PALiEOZOIC POLYZOA. ] 
BY GEORGE ROBERT VINE. 
The classification of Pala30zoic Polyzoa, whether as Cyclostomata, ; 
Busk, Cryptostomata, Vine, or Trepostomata, Ulrich, is still incomplete. ; 
This arises from two causes, it may be from more causes still, but I . 
wish to confine my remarks specially to two points only : — i 
L The want of a suitably definite nomenclature, descriptive of the : 
structural elements of the Zoarium, Recent and Fossil ; and j 
II. The want of ready agreement on the part of Palaeontologists, 1 
as to what should, and what should not be admitted as : 
Polyzoa, or Bryozoa. ] 
Within the last few years the Palaeozoic Bryozoa have been ] 
critically studied, both by means of the mass, and by sections of tlie 
species described, and at the present time we are in a better position 
to judge of the possibilities of future research, than we were at the j 
beginning of the decade that is now drawing to a close. Since tlie 
