72 
VINE: CARBONIFEROUS AND PERMIAN POLYZOA. 
tions for the Arctic Expedition in 1875. In it the student 
will find a fair record of Foreign work on Carboniferous 
Polyzoa. 
Beside the above separate articles there are brief lists of Carboniferous 
Polyzoa found in special localities, but I believe I have included in 
the Bibliography all the more important of these, or will do so in the 
section on Distribution after the descriptive text. Later on I will 
complete the Bibliogi-aphy by giving a resume of American work on 
Carboniferous Bryozoa when the details come to hand. 
III. — Terminology. 
L Zoarium, (= Polyzoarium). The composite structure formed by 
repeated gemmation, 
II. Zooecium, (= Cell). The chamber in which the polypide was 
lodged. 
(a) Punctate, Cell wall ornamentation. Punctate'') Busk 
and Hincks. 
III. Coenecium, (= Polypidom). Common dermal system of Colony. 
IV. Ectocyst, (= Ectoderm). Outer layer of Ca?necium. 
{h) Ectocystal tubes. Minute tubes which penetrate the Ecto- 
cyst. 
(c) Interectocystal tubes. Tubes horizontal to Ectocyst. 
V. Endocyst. Inner layer of Coenecium. 
VL Funicular opening. Opening at the base of the Zooecia for 
passage of Endosarc. 
VII. Endosarchal passages. Openings between cell and cell. 
VIII. VesiculEe. Hollow, loose, or vesicular openings in the inter- 
spaces. 
IX. Gonocyst. Inflation of surface or marginal extension of Zoarium. 
X. Gonoecium. A modified Zooecium set apart for reproductive 
functions. 
XL Opercula3. = Calcareous " closures " (Waters), superficial or 
otherwise by means of which the cells are closed. Function ? 
Class Polyzoa, Busk and Hincks. 
= Bryozoa (part), Ehrenberg ; Bryozoa (part) of American authors. 
= Bryozoa, Hsigenow] Reuss; Manzoni; Roemer; Waters; Pergens, etc, 
