VINE: CARBONIFEROUS AND PERMIAN POLYZOA. 
77 
narrow fragments bearing two, three, and four rows of cells between 
parallel bars, are more frequent, but even these I should be inclined 
to place as younger branches of C. i^drallelci, rather than as examples 
of C. raricosta. 
Distribution. Ireland; Type species (M' Coy) Dungannon. York- 
shire : Hurst (rare). Lancashire ? Holker Park. Scotland, in many 
localities, and " more abundant than C. parallela" (J. Young), 
Genus Goniocladia Eth. Jun. 
1873. Carinella, Eth. Jun. Geol. Mag., vol. x, p. 433, pi. xv. 
1873. „ Eth. Jun. Descriptive Text, Sheet 23. Scotch Geol. 
Survey. 
1876. Goniocladia, Eth. Jun. " Carinella pre-occupied." Geol. Mag. 
Dec. ii., vol. iii., p. 522. 
Goniocladia cellulifera, Eth. Jun.. pi. iv., figs. 14-16. 
Generic and Specific characters. Zoarium composed of angular 
irregularly disposed anastomising branches, strongly carinated on 
both the obverse and reverse faces, but celluliferous only on the 
former, apparently arising from a common root. Xo regular distinc- 
tion into interstices and dissepiments, but the branches bifurcate and 
reunite to form hexagonal, pentagonal, and polygonal interspaces or 
fenestrules, often of most irregular foim. On either side the keel on 
the celluliferous or obverse face, are three, sometimes four alternating 
rows of cell apertures. The prominent keel follows each bifurcation 
of the angular ramifications, which are all celluliferous, no separation 
into interstices and dissepiments being apparent. The cell apertures 
have prominent margins : the reverse is longitudinally striate, and 
the keel does not appear to be quite as strong as on the obverse face. 
Type and only species from Carb. beds, Carluke, Scotland. 
GoNOCYST, pi. iv., figs. 15 and 16. 
As my English examples of this species are poor and fragmentary, 
it would be folly to alter, in any way, the diagnosis of Mr. Robert 
Etheridge as given above. In his remarks on the affinities of the 
Genus (Bibliog. ante, 1873, p. 101), the author says, " Carinella 
agrees with Polypora, M'Coy, in always having more than two rows 
of cellules on the celluliferous aspect, but it differs from Polypora in 
possessing a keel," A reference to the Yorkshire example (fig. 17, 
