cole: DRIFFIELD AND MARKET WEIGHTON RAILWAY. 171 
from those of South-East Yorkshire, whilst the lower Oolitic rocks 
were partly so cut off. The reasons for this opinion I have already 
stated in some notes on the Hull and Barnsley Railway, contributed 
at the time of its construction to this Society, and which need not be 
repeated. 
To come to the present railway : commencing at the Driffield 
end, the line of rails for the first 3 J miles is laid on a slight embank- 
ment, crossing the mouth of the valleys from Aldro, Wayrham, Bur- 
dale, Sledmere, and Huggate, which here united debouch upon the 
plain of Holderness. Two cuttings, in the first mile, are in clean 
water-washed chalk gTavel, consisting of small flat pieces of chalk 
with rounded edges, such as is commonly found in the valley bottoms. 
From 3^ to 4^ miles there is a cutting in Boulder Clay, showing in 
the deepest part, 1 5 feet, the following section : — 
Ft. In. 
Boulder Clay ... ... ... 7 0 
Chalk Gravel .. ... ... ... 2 0 
Upper Chalk, without flints ... ... 6 0 
From this cutting a large boulder of Whin Sill was extracted. There 
are several others in the immediate vicinity. 
In the next cutting, half a mile distant, close to Bainton, also 
15 feet deep, six feet of Boulder Clay was exposed, but no chalk 
gravel. The surface of the underlying chalk was remarkably uneven, 
having been worn into numerous pockets or pipes, probably by the 
action of rain charged with carbonic acid. 
A capping of Boulder Clay was found as far as 6i miles, extend- 
ing to near the village of Middleton. At this place there is an 
extensive deposit of fine sand, flinty gravel with foreign admixture, 
and rounded boulders of chalk, which has every appearance of an 
ancient sea-beach, accumulated in a bight, at an elevation of from 
150 feet to 175 feet above sea-level. 
A little beyond Middleton the first deep cutting, in Middle 
Chalk with flints, occurs, reaching at Lair Hill a depth of 32 feet. 
The prevailing fossil was a large thick-ribbed inoceramus, (/. Cuvieri); 
large rounded balls of flint were also common. Human remains were 
found at several places in this cutting, as also in the two previous 
