350 DAKYNS : LOWER CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS IN YORKSHIRE. 
the Fell side. It has not been traced further than the northern 
extremity of Burnsall Fell. The Kinderscout grit lies in the shape 
of a synclinal trough dipping eastward ; and it thus occupies with 
its various members the whole extent of Burnsall Fell, Barden, and 
Embsay Moors. The rock is well seen along the Wharfe, particularly 
at the celebrated Strid in Bolton Woods. On the east of the Wharfe 
these grits rise up in a sort of broken dome, with a quaquaversal dip 
to form the summit of Barden Fell, marked by the bold crags of 
Simon Seat. Near these crags, at the very summit of the Fell, more 
than 1,450 feet above the sea, some pot holes, one of which from its 
size is called the great shak," mark the presence of limestone 
beneath the surface. The grits may be seen in Howgill and in Fell 
Plantation, dipping steeply to the N.W. into the valley ; but along 
Skyreholme Beck they turn up and dip steeply to the S.E. From 
Appletreewick the grits strike north-eastward, underlaid by a mass of 
shale, from beneath which massive beds of white scar-forming lime- 
stone rise regularly with a similar strike, as far as High Crag. Here 
the beds abut against the Craven Fault. The details of the lime- 
stone country immediately south of the fault are complicated, but 
the general structure is simple enough. A broad band of limestone 
stretches across the Wharfe from High Crag to Cracoe in the form of 
an anticlinal ridge, which between Cracoe and the river runs from 
S.W. to N.E. Along its N.W. flank we find the limestone dipping 
N.W., at angles of 40° beneath beds of shale having a similar dip. 
On the S.E. side the dip is to the S.E. ; but on this side the boun- 
dary seems to be partly a faulted one, as the lower grits on the 
flanks of Thorpe Fell are striking nearly at the limestone ; but I shall 
not insist upon this, as Mr. Tiddeman has recently made some dis- 
coveries which will throw gTeat light on the structure of the country, 
and it may turn out that the above-mentioned appearance of a fault 
is deceptive. I shall therefore merely give a brief statement of 
observed facts, without drawing any inference from them. The 
limestone is everywhere precisely similar in external appearance to 
the massive thick-bedded white scar-forming limestone, which forms 
the main portion of the carboniferous limestone of the Yorkshire 
Dales, and is very fossiliferous. It forms five striking hills, more or 
