DAKYNS : LOWER CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS IN YORKSHIRE. 357 
less conical, that stand out abruptly from the general level of the 
ground lying at the foot of the Gritstone Fell. The names of these 
hills are Skelterton, Butter Haw, Stebden Hill, Elbolton, and Keal 
Hill. On Skelterton the beds have an easterly dip. Butter Haw 
shows an anticlinal structure. On the north side of Stebden the 
beds dip N.W. at 40°, but no good dip could be got on any other 
part of the hill ; on the south side the limestone is disturbed, and 
here too the basement beds of the millstone grit strike at the lime- 
stone. As to Elbolton I found it quite impossible to make out how 
the beds are running ; at the foot of the hill I got dips which would 
imply that the hill is a dome with a quaquaversal dip : but on the 
hill itself I could get no dips at all ; so being baffled outside I tried 
the inside ; for the hill is traversed by veins and pipes of galina, 
and entrance into the very heart of the rock is to be had by the mine 
adits, but I met with no better success inside than out ; everywhere 
alike the limestone seems to be an amorphous mass. The same may 
be said of Keal Hill, where also I could get no dips. 
On the east side of the Wharfe a very good section of the lime- 
stone is to be seen in Skyreholme Gill. The beds flatten as we go 
up the gill, and at length turn over and dip north, so that we come 
to the top of the limestone on the north side of the anticlinal. On 
this side there is a bed of encrinital and cherty limestone between 
the main mass of limestone and the millstone grit of Fancarl Crag, 
which is an outlier, bounded on the north by the Craven Fault. I 
will now give the evidence for the position of this fault. On the 
west its line is plainly marked from Bordley to Threshfield by the 
opposition of the limestone of Malham Moor and Skirethorns Wood 
on the north, to grits and shales on the south of the hollow running 
from Bordley to Skirethorns. It was for a long time a matter of 
uncertainty where the fault crosses the Wharfe, but a heavy flood 
one winter exposed a bed of coarse grit in the river just below the 
Linton Stepping Stones. This gave a point on the fault. Between 
the Wharfe and the River Dibb the position of the limestone top is 
very uncertain, as the beds are quite hidden by drift ; but the fault 
must pass north of the grit outlier on Ratlock Hill, near Thruskeld. 
The strong spring, whence the place takes its name, is probably on 
