Spraying Experiments in Nebraska 
9 
is the unit adopted, and the amount of the ingredients, expressed 
in pounds, precedes these figures, separated by dashes. The 
amount of copper sulphate is expressed first, then the amount of 
Hme, and coming last the figures which show the total amount of 
solution; thus, Bx-3-4-50 indicates that three pounds of copper 
sulphate and four pounds of lime were diluted to 50 gallons, 
while -g ^_^^Q indicates that two pounds of arsenate of lead was 
used with the Bordeaux. 
In indicating the formula for lime sulphur, the same total unit, 
50 gallons, is used, and either the amount of lime sulphur is ex- 
pressed in gallons, or the total amount of solution is not mentioned 
and the strength of the solution, diluted and ready for use, is 
indicated by specific gravity; thus, LS-li-50 indicates that 
one and one-half gallons of commercial lime sulphur was diluted 
to 50 gallons, while -^^2^50 ^^^<^icates that two pounds of arsenate 
of lead was used in the solution. By the specific gravity method, 
LS 1.009 indicates that the commercial lime sulphur was diluted 
until the specific gravity, as registered by a hydrometer, is 1.009 
while Y qq9^^ indicates that two pounds of arsenate of lead is 
added to each 50 gallons of the solution. When arsenate of lead 
alone is used, the formula is indicated by Pb-2-50. 
For the sake of convenience, certain terms are used to designate 
the spray applications made at different times of the season. 
The first summer spray, which is applied before the trees are in 
bloom, is called the cluster-bud spray. The second, which is 
applied just after the petals have fallen, is called the petal-fall 
spray. The other applications are called the 7-days spray, the 
14-days spray, the 21-days or 3-weeks spray, the 35-days spray, 
the second-brood spray, and the third-brood or fall spray. The 
names of the last two indicate that they are for the control of 
codling moth. This is usually but not always true. In sonie 
cases they are solely for the control of fungous diseases but in 
this report they are in all cases designated as above, regardless of 
the purpose for which they were employed. 
METHODS EMPLOYED 
The methods used in attempting to control these insects and 
diseases were based upon the accumulated experience of workers 
along this line in all parts of the United States. The machinery, 
materials, and time and manner of application will be discussed 
in the report of each experiment. 
