94 
rocks, which must haye travelled long distances to gain 
their present position. Above Sowerby Bridge the travelled 
boulders are rare, though specimens have been found as far 
up the valley as Hebden Bridge* (one or two of which may 
be seen on the table). 
At Elland the bed of the river, which is 200 ft. above sea 
level, is composed of a sandy clay containing numerous 
rounded stones, principally of rocks occurring in the neigh- 
bourhood; but besides these, there are a good percentage 
that do not occur in sitiCy in any part of the valley of the 
Calder, and are not found nearer than the mountains of 
Cumberland and the Lake District. A short time since a well 
was dug near the river about 16 feet deep. The bottom of 
the gravel bed was not reached, so that I am unable to give 
the entire thickness of the deposit. To the depth of 16 feet, 
however, the boulders showed a considerable proportion of 
the granite and other rocks; and it may be noted, that the 
number of these old rocks was greatest when the deepest 
part of the well was reached. 
Other sections have been exposed from time to time, in 
sinking wells and making excavations for other purposes. 
One of the most important which has come under my notice 
is at Thornhill, near Dewsbury, in an excavation for the 
accommodation of a gas holder. A thickness of 24 feet has 
been exposed, consisting of the following series of beds : — 
Soil and earth . . . . 2 ft. 
Gravel, fine . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 „ 
Earth 1 „ 
Grey sand and boulders . . . . . . . . 5 ,, 
Alternations of gray and yellow sandstone and 
boulders . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 „ 
Grey drift 6 or 7 ft. 
24 ft. 
* In a paper read some years ago to this Society, " On the Geology of 
the Parish of Halifax," Dr. Alexander mentions finding boulders of granite 
