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whicli the Bradford Beck flows (20 feet is exposed at the new 
Gas Works) ; and it is spread out east of its junction with 
the Aire. North of the Bradford area may be seen, for 
example, a patch at the base of a sand pit near the Beck 
Eoad, Keighley ; and another at the head of Shipley Glen, 
near the quarries. It is well exposed in a cutting on the 
Guiseley new line behind Tong Park. Fifteen or twenty feet 
rest against the rough rock cutting at Esholt Springs, and it 
forms the floor of the hollow in Esholt Hall avenue. It is 
nowhere present east, south, or west of the area drained by 
the Bradford Beck. 
In a forthcoming geological work that will doubtless 
receive a hearty Yorkshire welcome, we may expect to find 
this bed defined as " Ee-arranged Till." It is, however, diffi- 
cult to conceive how such a mass of clay, covering 15 or 20 
square miles, and in some sections 20 to 30 feet in thickness, 
could have been lifted by water and re-deposited without 
leaving any evidence of water action. For the stufi'is not sorted, 
stratified, nor re-arranged at all ; but the included stones, of 
all sizes and shapes, lie in every conceivable position, save the 
one they would have assumed if dropped by the ocean. Yet, 
on the other hand, the " ghostly scratches" on many of the 
imprisoned stones might lead to the inference that they have 
been subjected to the rolling action of moving water since 
receiving their striae. But would it not be more accurate to 
regard these two beds of till as essentially one continuous 
deposit, resting where the land-ice left it ? In that case, we 
may explain the rounded and small appearance of the pebbles 
of Settle crystalline limestone in the upper till as due to the 
farther distance they have had to travel ; while the Skipton 
blue limestone, being so much nearer, would be the first to be 
pushed into our basin by the ice-sheet, and would thus supply 
that preponderance of angular blue limestone which we find 
in the lower till. And it may be further remarked, that pre- 
