215 
names borne by some of these places, as Holme, Ealand, the 
Isle of Axholme, &c., seem to testify that they have really 
been within the historic period. 
The Keuper rises to the surface about Epworth and 
Belton, in the Isle of Axholme, as a red and green ITarl, 
with layers of Gypsum ; and again at Holme- on- Spalding- 
Moor, between Selby and Market Weighton, where it 
forms a hill 150 feet high. In some borings for coal 
undertaken in 1835, at Reedness, five miles east of Goole, 
it appears to have been reached at a depth of about 70 
feet, and to have been 272 feet in thickness (see Section 
3 in appendix to this paper). In sinking the cylinders 
for the Hook bridge, a mile north-east of Goole, a blue Shale, 
with layers of Gypsum, was met with at a depth of 19 feet 
6 inches below the bottom of the river, or 39 feet 6 inches 
below Jiigh water mark (see Section 4). This Shale seems to 
represent the Keuper. At Goole, borings strike the Red 
Sandstone without the intervention of any gypseous Marls or 
Shales (Section 5), so that the lower boundary of the Keuper 
must lie somewhere between Goole and Hook. In the 
rising ground by Crowle a gravel is exposed, which consists 
of flat fragments of green micaceous shaley Marl, in all 
probability derived from and resting upon the Keuper. At 
Sandtoft, in the same neighbourhood, a white gritty Sand- 
stone struck lately in some borings (Section 1), seems to 
represent the same rock. 
The Bunter is exposed in the railway cutting at 
Doncaster, and other patches capped with gravel occur 
at Barnby Don, Hatfield, and Thorne. A low ridge of 
the same rock extends east and west from Cowick to 
Kellington, a distance of nine miles, and the same ridge may 
be traced under the recent strata as far east as Rawcliffe, or 
even Goole. The highest point of the ridge at PoUington is 
about 60 feet above the sea level. Over this area the Red 
