290 
The Follifoot Coal Grit forms the base. It is a hard, 
compact sandstone, and its outcrop forms bold ridges at 
Long Crag and Oak Beck, and also near Harrogate End. 
They also crop out at Bilton, near the edge of the Permian 
Limestone Escarpment. At the latter place two seams of 
coal have been worked for the purpose of burning the 
Limestone. They occur in the Grit which is here sepa- 
rated into two beds by Shale. The upper bed of Coal is 
3 feet 2 inches thick, and is divided from the lower by 1 0 or 12 
feet of shale. The lower bed of Coal is more variable in 
thickness, but in some places reaches 2 feet 9 inches. The Coal 
has also been found, in a small stream, west of Thornton Moor 
House, at a depth of 60 feet. It was there only 18 inches 
thick. 
The Cayton Gill Beds are very fossiliferous — a circum- 
stance of considerable interest — the Millstone Grits generally 
being nearly devoid of fossils. The three beds are rarely 
found well developed in one locality ; in a quarry near the 
roadside, between Sawley and Ripon, they are mentioned by 
the Eev. John S. Tute as all being present ; the lowest is a 
sandstone, close-grained and hard, full of the remains of 
plants and shells, of which Bellerophon costatus is the most 
common. The second bed is a sandstone, containing the 
remains of Brachiopods, Productus, and others. The 
upper bed is more flaggy in character, and is crowded 
with the stems of Encrinites. At Cayton Gill only the 
two upper beds are developed, but usually one repre- 
sentative is alone to be found. It has been extensively 
quarried for repairing the roads at Hampsthwaite, on Scarab 
Moor, and in a quarry on the roadside, between Pannal and 
FoUifoot. It is locally termed the " shell bed," and has also 
been found flanking the hillside beneath Brimham Crags, 
thus extending from Hampsthwaite to Sawley, and from 
Brimham to Cayton, or, in other words, imderlying the 
