300 
Limestone Esctarpment, and has exposed on its bank some 
splendid sections ; perhaps the finest, and one that proves 
most conclusively the unconformity of the Limestone, is 
under the cliff on which the Castle stands. A huge mass of 
Red Sandstone forms a circular boss over which the lime- 
stone is deposited in even beds. Other sections may be 
found lower down the river which show the same uncon- 
formity as the one already mentioned. 
At Plumpton and Spofforth the Red Grits make an 
extensive display, and from the uneven hardness of their 
constituent parts, the softer portions have weathered awa}^ 
the more durable parts remaining in all kinds of picturesque 
or fantastic forms. In Plumpton Park the rocks are 
surrounded by an artificial lake, which enhances their beauty 
considerably. 
Half way between Spofforth and North Deighton are 
two quarries, which expose the sandstone and limestone in 
actual contact. To the left of the road is St. Helen's Quarry, 
in which 13 feet of coarse quartzose grit, of a red colour, is 
exposed. In the centre the sandstone forms a hollow, in 
which 5 feet of shale is deposited. The shales are sandy, 
and in the lower part red ; but towards the top they are a 
green colour, with spots of deep red. Above the Shale, and 
resting on the sandstone at each end, are 5 to 8 feet 
of thin-bedded yeUow limestone. A couple of hundred 
yards further is another quarry, at NewsomxC Bridge. Here 
the Limestone is the usual yellowish colour, and rests uncon- 
formably on a thick-bedded gritstone, which is in this 
instance a grey or white colour. The latter presents an 
uneven surface, on which the limestone is laid, its lower beds 
being full of grains and pebbles of quartz derived from the 
lower rocks. Still further south, on the banks of the* river 
Wharfe, a wooded escarpment of red grit rises to a height of 
about 50 feet ; and above this, at a distance of 60 yards, is 
