301 
a second embankment, composed of Permian Limestone, 
exhibited in a quarry not now used. The lower part of the 
gritstone is much paler in colour than the upper, and 
immediately below it is a bed of sandy shale, of which 6 
feet are exposed, dipping 2G° south-east, which is of a yellow 
colour. 
In all the sections hitherto mentioned, the Grit Rock 
beneath the limestone is the upper bed of the Third Grits. 
It is a peculiarity of this rock, throughout its entire extent, 
that it weathers into blocks and rocking stones ; and also 
that it is a red colour in many localities far away from the 
influence of the Permian Limestone; as, for instance, on 
Warley Moor, near Halifax, and in the Cloughs above 
Holmfirth. 
In the district south of the River Wharfe, as far as 
Thorner and Bramham, there are several sections which ex- 
hibit the relationship of the limestone to the underlying 
rocks. Near East Keswick there are two or three outliers of 
Permian Limestone which have been separated from the main 
mass by the denudation of the intervening valleys. At East 
Keswick there is a quarry of thin-bedded limestone, close- 
grained, and separated by marly partings. It is a yellowish 
colour, fuU of cavities filled with crystallised Carbonate of 
Lime, and exhibiting traces of the fossil Axinus. Descending 
tlie road towards the village a short distance, a gritstone 
may be seen forming the sides of the -road. The grit in 
some places had a slightly-reddish tint, but is more com- 
monly of the ordinary colour. 
Near Rigton, also, beds of similar limestone occur, 
having a dip of 5° to the south-cast. In the hill-side, just below 
the limestone quany, is a quarry of grit rock. A thickness 
of 25 feet is exposed, of the usual grey colour. It is a thick, 
falsely-bedded grit, with thin partings of shale. In an 
adjoining Railway cutting, bods of a similar gritstone may 
