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(3.) The layers of the soles were almost invariably held 
together by round-headed nails, clenched inside. 
(4.) The upper leathers were held in position by being 
enclosed between the two layers of the soles. 
There is, therefore, at least a presumption in favour of my 
conjecture. But if so early a period is not accorded to them, 
they must have been worn in a very remote age, by a very 
primitive inhabitant of the Yorkshire moors. 
While stating the points of resemblance between the 
Roman shoes and those found at Austwick, it is only fair to 
state also the one instance in which they differ. In all those 
previously alluded to of undoubted Roman manufacture the 
upper leathers were united by one seam either at the toe or 
heel ; in our Yorkshire specimens the union is on the inner 
side, where the fronts generally join to the hind quarters. 
Whether this one peculiarity is an important feature, and 
adverse to my presumed conjecture, is open to proof by those 
fully conversant with the relics of ancient Rome. 
The human skeleton found in the same locality and at the 
same period had two stones of calliard and grit stone^ placed 
one at the head and the other at the foot, but there was no in- 
dication of a kist ; so that it is evident the individual had 
not been accidentally lost in the bog, but carefully interred 
on this solitary spot. The relative size of the bones indicate 
the individual to have been of short stature,, and that one of 
the clavicles had been fractured and united by natural resto- 
ration. It was pronounced to be the skeleton of a female ; 
a point, however, which I think cannot be positively deter- 
mined, as the pelvic bones are not complete. There are 
peculiarities connected with the skeleton which are some- 
what unusual. The temporal, frontal, parietal, and occipital 
bones of the skull are all separated, as is usual in early life, 
while the epiphyses of the long bones are firmly united; a 
fact which militates against the supposition of inmiature 
