226 LAMPLUGH : SHEIXY .AIORAINE OF THE SEFSTROM GLACIER. 
its highest part, I estimated that the moraine rose at least 70 or 
80 feet above sea-level; but it is possible that this height may include 
some buried ice, and may be reduced when the ice is all melted. 
On the other hand, in estimating the thickness of the morainic 
accumulation, allowance must be made for the original depth of 
the sea in the part now added to island ; and it seemed likely 
that, where thickest, the transported material might be 60 to 100 
feet from bottom to top. 
From the southern end of the moraine I followed the course 
of the ridges northward till opposite the place where the mass of 
unmelted ice still hung to the western side of the island, and I 
tried then to reach this ice. But the impassable cauldrons 
increased in numbers and size around its margin, and 1 failed to 
find a way across the maze in the time at my disposal. From a 
distance of 300 or 400 yards, however, I could see (with the aid 
of field-glasses) that the morainic clay was curiously entangled 
with the ice, apparently filling crevasses or dike-like gaps in it, 
which were prolonged in crumbling ridges \\here the supporting 
walls had melted or had been withdra\\ii. Some of our company, 
including Dr. A. Strahan and Prof. R. 8. Tarr. \^ere more for- 
tunate in finding a safe way along the western shore right up to 
the ice-cliffs, and they saw that wedges of ice \A'ere present in 
places beneath masses of the morainic clay. I am indebted to 
them for permission to reproduce some photographs showing this 
condition (Pis. XXXI. to XXXIV.), and to Dr. Strahan for 
the following description of the phenomena : — 
" The cauldrons referred to by Mr. Lamplugh became 
larger and more abundant as the ice was approached, and the 
intervening ridges, along which alone a passage through the 
maze could be effected, became more dilapidated. On reaching 
the margin it became clear that the morainic material la}', and 
thinned off gradually, upon a rising slope of clean ice. The 
margin is illustrated by Plate XXXI. from a photograph by 
Prof. R. S. Tarr ; the ice itself was coarsely granular and 
presented a gently undulating surface traversed by irregular 
crevasses. Each crevasse had been filled up with boulder-clay, 
and the melting of the surface had left these casts of crevasses ' 
projecting like ruined walls, or still more like igneous dikes. 
Plate XXXII. was taken from a point farther up on the ice- 
