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STEANGWAYS: HARROGATE WELLS. 
Nitrogen, Carburetted and Sulphuretted Hydrogen and Carbonic Acid. 
The Mild Sulphur, of which the principal are one of the springs 
in the Montpellier Gardens, one of those at the Hospital, those at 
Harlow Carr, and the one at Starbeck, resemble the Strong Sulphur 
Water in their general constitution, but do not contain so large an 
amount of Chlorides and Sulphides although they are slightly richer 
in alkaline Carbonates. 
The Strong Saline Chalybeates of which there are two, the 
Cheltenham spring and one in the Montpellier Gardens, are remarkable 
for the great quantities of Carbonic Acid and Chlorides that they 
contain. 
The Pure Chalybeates, the principal of which are the Tewit 
Well and St. John's Well, although there are several others not 
only in and near Harrogate, but in almost every district, contain a 
far less proportion of salts than either of the above, and these are 
chiefly in the form of Carbonates with scarcely any Chlorides. 
To recapitulate then, the Harrogate waters consist of four distinct 
classes, each of which has a certain marked peculiarity in its chemi- 
cal constitution. Class I. The Strong Sulphur is very rich in chlor- 
ides and sulphides with a large bulk of free gases. Class II. The 
Mild Sulphur has nearly the same constituents as Class I, but in a 
less concentrated condition, and is also slightly richer in carbonates. 
Class III. The Saline Chalj-beate is very rich in chlorides and car- 
bonates but contains no sulphides. Class IV. The Pure Chalybeate 
contains a much smaller proportion of saline ingredients than either 
of the preceding; in fact it more nearly resembles the ordinary 
kinds of drinking water with a rather larger percentage of the car- 
bonates of magnesia and iron. Let us now see what connection 
these four classes of water bear to the geological structure of the 
neighbourhood. My principal object is not so much to state any 
positive theory on the subject as to show that the source of the Har- 
rogate springs need not be at any extraordinary depth, while at the 
same time it certainly is not at the immediate surface. 
All the writers on this subject agree in considering that the 
mineral waters of Harrogate are derived from the peculiar geologi- 
cal structure of the neighbourhood, but they differ somewhat in their 
