344 olivee : mineeal springs of the west riding. 
4.— The Wigglesworth Sulphur Water. 
I have not yet observed the geological relations of the Wiggles- 
vjorth source on the Yoredale shales.* Its position on the map 
corresponds with the track of the great anticlinal that runs in a 
north-easterly direction from Chipping and Whitwell to Slaidburn 
and thence to Malham. 
5. — The Aldfield Sulphur Water. 
I am inclined to think that this issue of sulphur water marks 
the termination of a west to easterly line of anticlinal disturbance, 
just as do the Old Sulphur and the Bilton springs in respect to the 
Harrogate disturbance. But I have not studied the district north- 
ward with sufficient care to enable me to speak on this matter with 
any confidence. The water rises thi^ough the shales that underlie 
the massive Millstone Grit bed, well exposed at Sawley and Grant- 
ley, that here shelves away in a semi-dome-like fashion at low 
angles of displacement under the Magnesian Limestone of Studley 
Royal, immediately to the east of Aldfield. Bubbles of carburetted 
hydrogen gas are seen to break in rapid succession on the surface of 
the water, as at the Bilton Spa. 
Ill —Questions relating to the Mineralization 
OF THE Waters. 
The foregoing data appear to me to establish the position, that 
the natural issues of the mineral waters of the West Riding anti- 
clinals are found along those lines of distm^bance where the lower 
beds approach the surface — in a word, the lines of elevation. 
On, however, leaving these matters of direct observation for 
the insecure ground of speculation as to the sources of the mineral- 
ization of the waters, we cannot but hesitate at every step, knowing 
that we must merely rely on the balancing of probabilities in favour 
of any particular view. 
(A ) The derivation of tJte Constituents. 
The constituents of these springs suggest some questions of 
geological interest : as for example, in respect to the origin of the 
* See the maps accompanying Tht Geology. Natural Historic, and Pre- 
historic Antiquitks of Cravtn tn Yorkshire, hj ti. C. Miall, Professor of Biology 
in the Yorkshire College, &c,, and West Yorkshire: Geology, d:c., by James W. 
Davis, F.G.S.. 6:c. 
